【精翻美文】美国AP负责人谈AP评分标准

浏览次数：2587    发布时间：2016-03-17

 

博纳寰美试图翻译一些美国升学杂志中的美文给将要美申的同学，一来可以锻炼阅读能力，二来可以学习一些申请中的小技巧；今天我们就来看看美国的AP项目负责人怎么谈AP的评分标准！

 

When you receive your AP Score Report and find out what score you earned on that exam you took in May, you may wonder just how you got an AP score of 3 instead of a 4, or a 4 instead of a 3. What happened in that time between mid-May and early July, the results of which you see in the score report? Here is the story:

 

当你拿到你的AP分数报告，看到了你在五月份的考试中得到的分数时，你可能想知道你怎么会得到3分而不是4分，或者是4分而不是3分。 在五月中旬和六月初之间你在分数报告中所看到的分数到底发生了什么，下面就告诉你原委。

 

Scoring the AP Exams

 

After the May AP Exams, participating schools return all AP Exam materials to the AP Program.

 

AP考试的评分

 

在五月份的AP考试之后，参与的学校要把所有的AP考试材料返回AP项目部。

 

The multiple-choice section is scored by computer. Each answer sheet is scanned and the total multiple-choice score is computed by adding the number of correct responses and subtracting a fraction for each incorrect response as an adjustment for haphazard guessing. 

 

选择题由电脑评分， 每一张答题纸都会被扫描，整个选择题部分的评分是通过将答对的题数相加，减去一部分不正确的答案以此作为对随意猜测的答案的惩罚。

 

The free-response section is scored at the annual AP Reading held during the first two weeks in June. Specially appointed college professors and experienced AP teachers evaluate free-response answers. 

 

自由答题部分由AP阅读组在每年六月的前两个星期举行。一些特别指定的大学教授或者AP教师将会对自由答题部分进行判卷。

 

The total scores from the free-response section and the multiple-choice section are combined to form a composite score. 

 

自由答题和选择题的总分将会加在一起形成复合分。

 

From Composite Score to AP Score

 

从复合分到AP分

 

The process of score setting—establishing the AP score boundaries (determining how many composite score points equals what AP score)—takes place immediately after the Reading.

 

分数合成过程——建立ＡＰ分数界（决定多少复合分相当于AP分）——会在阅卷后立即进行。

 

AP Exam scores are reported on a 5-point scale as follows:

 

AP考试成绩以5分为梯度，如下

 

5 Extremely well qualified*

5 非常优秀

 

4   Well qualified*

4 优秀

 

3   Qualified*

3  合格

 

2   Possibly qualified*

2. 可能合格

 

1  No recommendation**

1  不合格

 

Qualified to receive college credit or advanced placement

合格指的是可以获得大学学分或者免修。

 

No recommendation to receive college credit or advanced placement

不合格指的是不可以获得大学学分或者免修。

 

During score-setting sessions (there is one for each AP Exam) composite scores are translated into AP scores by setting boundaries for each score based on a statistical technique called equating.

在分数合成过程中（每科AP考试）的复合分都要通过统计方法中的比较对照法转化成AP分。

 

Equating relates an AP Exam from one year to an AP Exam from another year so that performance on the two exams can be compared. This is accomplished by looking at how well AP students performed on a set of multiple-choice questions that is common to both exams. These particular multiple-choice questions cover the curriculum content and represent a broad range of difficulty; they can therefore provide information about the ability level of the current group of students and indicate the current exam’s level of difficulty. This same set of questions may show up on next year’s AP Exam and the one after that too. That’s why you aren’t supposed to talk about or share the multiple-choice questions from the AP Exam with anyone; it’s all because of equating!

比较对照法将一年的考试和另一年的考试结合起来这样这两年的考试可以进行比较对照。这要通过研究学生在两次考试中对相似的选择题的做的好坏程度来完成。这些专门的选择题包含了课程内容和各种难度水平，因此可以展示现阶段学生的能力以及先行考试的难度系数。这样的试题也会在来年和后年的考试中出现。

那就是为什么你不应该与任何人讨论和分享在AP考试中的选择题，都是比较对照法的缘故。

 

Comparability Studies

比较性研究

 

The AP Program periodically conducts college score comparability studies in all AP subjects. These studies compare the performance of AP students with that of college students in the courses for which successful AP students will receive credit. In general, the AP composite score cutpoints are set so that the lowest composite score for an AP score of 5 is equivalent to the average score for college students earning scores of A. Similarly, the lowest composite scores for AP scores of 4, 3, and 2 are equivalent to the average scores for students with college scores of B, C, and D, respectively.

AP 分阶段对大学成绩和所有的AP学科的进行比较性研究。这些研究将大学生和AP考生进行比较这样优秀的AP考生将会拿到学分。总的来说，AP复合分的会设置一个切割点，这样AP5分就会与大学成绩A相匹配。同样的AP 4， 3，和2分的成绩将会和大学里的B,C, D分别对应。

 

Students who earn AP Exam scores of 3 or above are generally considered to be qualified to receive college credit and/or placement into advanced courses due to the fact that their AP Exam scores are equivalent to a college course score of "middle C " or above. However, the awarding of credit and placement is determined by each college or university and students should check with the institution to verify its AP credit and placement policies. Students can find this information by using the AP Credit Policy search. 

获得ＡＰ3分以上的学生通常会被认为有资格获得大学学分，或者学习更高级别的课程，因为AP考试成绩与大学里的中等C或者以上成绩是相当的。但是，学分政策由各个大学自行决定， 学生需要与学校核对以确认该校的学分和免修规定。学生可以使用AP学分政策查询来寻找相关信息。

 

博纳寰美点评：AP的评分看似很粗旷，只是1、2、3、4、5分，没有小分，但是实际上是一个复合分的复杂换算过程；并且该换算针对不同时期的不同考试有不同的标准；所以，没有定式；唯一可确定的是，要想通过AP考试换学分至少要4以上的分数；而要拿到这样的分数需要学生投入不少的时间和精力；而投入这些精力势必会分散留学备考标准化考试和申请的精力，怎么安排留学的节奏和精力分配？我建议你还是询问一下博纳寰美！

 

更多关于美国留学的信息请洽博纳寰美，电话4000 567 320 或关注博纳寰美官方微博、微信！

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